The Fatimides succeeded in invading Egypt due to the weakness of the Abbaside caliphate. Cairo became the capital of the Fatimide caliphate.

 Egypt was governed by the following leaders:
- Gawhar El-Sakali (969-973AD)
- Al-Mezz Leideinallah (973-975AD)
- Al-Aziz Leideinallah (975-996AD)
- Al-Hakim Biamrallah (997-1020AD)
- Al-Zahir Lazazdinallah ( 1020-1094AD)
- Al-Mustansir Biallah ( 1035-1094AD)
- Al-Mustali Biallah (1094-1101AD)
- Al-Amir Biahkamallah (1101-1130AD)
- Al-Hafiz Ledeinallah (1130-1149AD)
- Al-Zafir Biamrallah (1149-1154AD)
- Al-Faiz Binasrallah (1154-1160AD)
- Al-Adid Leid